Post by rohitrajeev on Sept 14, 2012 2:58:26 GMT -5
BERLO'S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
ADVANTAGES
Source: The source is were the message originates.
Communication skills – It is the individual’s skill to communicate (ability to read, write, speak, listen etc…)
Attitudes – The attitude towards the audience, subject and towards one self for e.g. for the student the attitude is to learn more and for teachers wants to help teach.
Knowledge- The knowledge about the subject one is going to communicate for e.g. whatever the teacher communicates in the class about the subject so having knowledge in what you are communicating.
Note: It is not talking about the general knowledge it is all about the knowledge of the subject, so it is the familiarity of what you are communicating.
Social system – The Social system includes the various aspects in society like values, beliefs, culture, religion and general understanding of society. It is were the communication takes place.
For e.g. class room differs from country to country like behaviors, how we communicate etc.
Note: We can communicate only to the extent that the social system allows, when we communicate take social system into account.
Culture: Culture of the particular society also comes under social system.
All to this model, only if you have the above in the proper or adequate proportion v can communicate.
Encoder: The sender of the message (message originates) is referred as encoder, so the source is encoding the message here.
Message
Content – The beginning to the end of a message comprises its content for e.g. From beginning to end whatever the class teacher speaks in the class is the content of the message.
Elements – It includes various things like language, gestures, body language etc, so these are all the elements of the particular message. Content is accompanied by some elements.
Treatment – It refers to the packing of the message. The way in which the message is conveyed or the way in which the message is passed on or deliver it.
Note: When it is too much treatment also the communication will not happen properly.
Structure- The structure of the message how it is arranged, the way you structure the message into various parts.
Note: Message is the same but if the structure is not properly arranged then the message will not get to the receiver.
Code- The code of the message means how it is sent in what form it could be e.g. language, body language, gestures, music and even culture is a code. Through this you get/give the message or through which the communication takes place or being reached.
Note: Only when the code is proper, the message will be clear, improper use may lead to misinterpretation.
Channel- It is nothing but the five senses through this only we do. The following are the five senses which we use
Hearing
Seeing
Touching
Smelling
Tasting
Whatever communication we do it is there either of these channels.
Hearing: The use of ears to get the message for e.g. oral messages, interpersonal etc.
Seeing: Visual channels for e.g. TV can be seen and the message is delivered.
Touching: The sense of touch can be used as a channel to communicate for e.g. we touch and buy food, hugging etc.
Smelling: Smell also can be a channel to communicate for e.g. perfumes, food, charred smell communicates something is burning, we can find out about which food is being cooked etc.
Tasting : The tongue also can be used to decipher e.g. Food can be tasted and communication can happen.
Note: Despite not mentioning a medium we need to assume that as communication is taking place channels can be any of the 5 senses or combination.
Decoder : Who receives the message and decodes it is referred to as decoder.
Receiver: The receiver needs to have all the thinks like the source.
This model believes that for an effective communication to take place the source and the receiver needs to be in the same level, only if the source and receiver are on the same level communication will happen or take place properly. So source and receiver should be similar
For e.g. Communication skills on source side is good then the receiver should equally have good listening skills.
We cannot say the entire message passed doesn’t reaches the receiver has it is because the receiver may not good in listening, so only for the effective communication the source and the receiver to be in the same level.
Note: Self image differs from person to person, for communicating the person should consider the receiver. Keep the receiver in mind, speak accordingly and give them what they need.
DISADVANTGES
No feedback / don’t know about the effect
Does not mention barriers to communication
No room for noise
Complex model
It is a linear model of communication
Needs people to be on same level for communication to occur but not true in real life
Main drawback of the model is that the model omits the usage of sixth sense as a channel which is actually a gift to the human beings (thinking, understanding, analyzing etc).
SHANNON'S&DAVID MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
ADVANTGES
Source
The source of communication is the initiator, or origin, that puts the model into action. It is an individual or group that has a specific reason to begin the communication process. That is, there is a message that they wish another to receive.
Encoder
Once the purpose of the source has been decided, there must be a specified format for the message to take. This is what the communication encoder does; it takes the concept that the source wants sent out, and puts it into a suitable format for later interpretation.
Message
The information, idea, or concept that is being communicated from one end of the model to the other is the message. Most of the time, in human communication, the message contains a distinct meaning. When the model was created, Shannon and Weaver were not concerned whether the message had substance, but rather that it was being transmitted.
Channel
It is essential for meaningful communication that a suitable means to transmit the message be selected. The channel is the route that the message travels on, be it verbal, written, electronic, or otherwise.
Noise
It is inevitable that noise may come into play during the communication process. Noise could be considered an interference or distortion that changes the initial message; anything that can misconstrue the message may be noise. Noise can be physical, as in an actual sound that muffles the message as it is being said, or it can be semantic, like if the vocabulary used within the message is beyond the knowledge spectrum of its recipient. In order for communication to be effective, noise must be reduced.
Decoder
Before the message reaches the intended recipient, it must be decoded, or interpreted, from its original form into one that the receiver understands. This is essentially the same interaction as that of source and encoder, only in a reversed sequence.
Receiver
In order for communication to be executed, there must be a second party at the end of the channel the source has used. The receiver takes in the message that the source has sent out.
Feedback
For meaningful communication to come to fruition, it is vital that the receiver provides feedback to the source. Feedback relates to the source whether their message has been received, and most importantly, if it has been interpreted accurately. Without feedback, the source would never know if the communication was successful. Ongoing communication is made possible by the cyclical route feedback allows; if more communication between the two parties is necessary, they can follow the model indefinitely.
By defining and understanding the various components of the Shannon-Weaver Model, an individual may utilize the model in their own communication endeavors
DISADVANTGES
It is one way
no feed back between the sender and receiver
not appropriate to groups with many interaction
doesn't explain how the message is generated by the source, or interpreted by the destination
ADVANTAGES
Source: The source is were the message originates.
Communication skills – It is the individual’s skill to communicate (ability to read, write, speak, listen etc…)
Attitudes – The attitude towards the audience, subject and towards one self for e.g. for the student the attitude is to learn more and for teachers wants to help teach.
Knowledge- The knowledge about the subject one is going to communicate for e.g. whatever the teacher communicates in the class about the subject so having knowledge in what you are communicating.
Note: It is not talking about the general knowledge it is all about the knowledge of the subject, so it is the familiarity of what you are communicating.
Social system – The Social system includes the various aspects in society like values, beliefs, culture, religion and general understanding of society. It is were the communication takes place.
For e.g. class room differs from country to country like behaviors, how we communicate etc.
Note: We can communicate only to the extent that the social system allows, when we communicate take social system into account.
Culture: Culture of the particular society also comes under social system.
All to this model, only if you have the above in the proper or adequate proportion v can communicate.
Encoder: The sender of the message (message originates) is referred as encoder, so the source is encoding the message here.
Message
Content – The beginning to the end of a message comprises its content for e.g. From beginning to end whatever the class teacher speaks in the class is the content of the message.
Elements – It includes various things like language, gestures, body language etc, so these are all the elements of the particular message. Content is accompanied by some elements.
Treatment – It refers to the packing of the message. The way in which the message is conveyed or the way in which the message is passed on or deliver it.
Note: When it is too much treatment also the communication will not happen properly.
Structure- The structure of the message how it is arranged, the way you structure the message into various parts.
Note: Message is the same but if the structure is not properly arranged then the message will not get to the receiver.
Code- The code of the message means how it is sent in what form it could be e.g. language, body language, gestures, music and even culture is a code. Through this you get/give the message or through which the communication takes place or being reached.
Note: Only when the code is proper, the message will be clear, improper use may lead to misinterpretation.
Channel- It is nothing but the five senses through this only we do. The following are the five senses which we use
Hearing
Seeing
Touching
Smelling
Tasting
Whatever communication we do it is there either of these channels.
Hearing: The use of ears to get the message for e.g. oral messages, interpersonal etc.
Seeing: Visual channels for e.g. TV can be seen and the message is delivered.
Touching: The sense of touch can be used as a channel to communicate for e.g. we touch and buy food, hugging etc.
Smelling: Smell also can be a channel to communicate for e.g. perfumes, food, charred smell communicates something is burning, we can find out about which food is being cooked etc.
Tasting : The tongue also can be used to decipher e.g. Food can be tasted and communication can happen.
Note: Despite not mentioning a medium we need to assume that as communication is taking place channels can be any of the 5 senses or combination.
Decoder : Who receives the message and decodes it is referred to as decoder.
Receiver: The receiver needs to have all the thinks like the source.
This model believes that for an effective communication to take place the source and the receiver needs to be in the same level, only if the source and receiver are on the same level communication will happen or take place properly. So source and receiver should be similar
For e.g. Communication skills on source side is good then the receiver should equally have good listening skills.
We cannot say the entire message passed doesn’t reaches the receiver has it is because the receiver may not good in listening, so only for the effective communication the source and the receiver to be in the same level.
Note: Self image differs from person to person, for communicating the person should consider the receiver. Keep the receiver in mind, speak accordingly and give them what they need.
DISADVANTGES
No feedback / don’t know about the effect
Does not mention barriers to communication
No room for noise
Complex model
It is a linear model of communication
Needs people to be on same level for communication to occur but not true in real life
Main drawback of the model is that the model omits the usage of sixth sense as a channel which is actually a gift to the human beings (thinking, understanding, analyzing etc).
SHANNON'S&DAVID MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
ADVANTGES
Source
The source of communication is the initiator, or origin, that puts the model into action. It is an individual or group that has a specific reason to begin the communication process. That is, there is a message that they wish another to receive.
Encoder
Once the purpose of the source has been decided, there must be a specified format for the message to take. This is what the communication encoder does; it takes the concept that the source wants sent out, and puts it into a suitable format for later interpretation.
Message
The information, idea, or concept that is being communicated from one end of the model to the other is the message. Most of the time, in human communication, the message contains a distinct meaning. When the model was created, Shannon and Weaver were not concerned whether the message had substance, but rather that it was being transmitted.
Channel
It is essential for meaningful communication that a suitable means to transmit the message be selected. The channel is the route that the message travels on, be it verbal, written, electronic, or otherwise.
Noise
It is inevitable that noise may come into play during the communication process. Noise could be considered an interference or distortion that changes the initial message; anything that can misconstrue the message may be noise. Noise can be physical, as in an actual sound that muffles the message as it is being said, or it can be semantic, like if the vocabulary used within the message is beyond the knowledge spectrum of its recipient. In order for communication to be effective, noise must be reduced.
Decoder
Before the message reaches the intended recipient, it must be decoded, or interpreted, from its original form into one that the receiver understands. This is essentially the same interaction as that of source and encoder, only in a reversed sequence.
Receiver
In order for communication to be executed, there must be a second party at the end of the channel the source has used. The receiver takes in the message that the source has sent out.
Feedback
For meaningful communication to come to fruition, it is vital that the receiver provides feedback to the source. Feedback relates to the source whether their message has been received, and most importantly, if it has been interpreted accurately. Without feedback, the source would never know if the communication was successful. Ongoing communication is made possible by the cyclical route feedback allows; if more communication between the two parties is necessary, they can follow the model indefinitely.
By defining and understanding the various components of the Shannon-Weaver Model, an individual may utilize the model in their own communication endeavors
DISADVANTGES
It is one way
no feed back between the sender and receiver
not appropriate to groups with many interaction
doesn't explain how the message is generated by the source, or interpreted by the destination